Salbutamol
Short acting β₂-adrenergic agonist in bronchial muscles.
It can also act on β₂-adrenoceptors in uterus.
Property | value |
---|---|
Generic name | salbutamol |
Brand names | Ventolin |
Action duration | ~ 4 to 6 hours |
Dosing Summary
Dosage may vary by age, condition, and formulation. Below is a general guide:
Asthma Symptoms & Bronchospasm
Inhaler (100 mcg/dose):
- Adults: 1–2 puffs every 4 hrs (max 8 puffs/day). Preventive: 2 puffs 15 min before trigger.
- Children: 1 puff (up to 2 if needed) every 4 hrs (max 8/day). Preventive: 1–2 puffs before trigger.
Dry Powder Inhaler (200 mcg/dose):
- Ages 4+: 1 inhalation up to 4× daily. Preventive: 1 inhalation 10–15 min before trigger.
Oral Syrup (2 mg/5 ml):
- Adults: 5–20 ml, up to 4× daily.
- Children 12+: 5–10 ml, 3–4× daily.
- Children 6–12: 5 ml, 3–4× daily.
- Children 2–6: 2.5–5 ml, 3–4× daily.
- Elderly: 5 ml, up to 3× daily.
Tablets (2 mg, 4 mg):
- Adults: 4 mg 3–4× daily, may increase to 8 mg. Some respond to 2 mg.
- Children 12+: 2–4 mg, 3–4× daily.
- Children 6–12: 2 mg, 3–4× daily.
- Children 2–6: 1–2 mg, 3–4× daily.
- Elderly: Start with 2 mg, 3–4× daily.
Nebulizer Solution (5 mg/ml):
- Adults & Teens: 0.5–1 ml (2.5–5 mg), up to 4× daily.
- Children (18 mo–12 yrs): 0.5–1 ml, up to 4× daily.
- Continuous: 1–2 mg/hr via dilution and nebulization.
Severe Asthma (Status Asthmaticus)
Injection (500 mcg/ml):
- Adults: 500 mcg SC/IM every 4 hrs as needed.
IV Infusion (5 mg/5 ml):
- Adults: 250 mcg slow IV; infusion 3–20 mcg/min based on response.
Preterm Labor (IV Infusion)
Solution (5 mg/5 ml):
- Infusion: 10–45 mcg/min, adjusted to uterine activity.
Always refer to full prescribing information for detailed guidance.
Raised intracranial pressure (ICP)
The volume inside the cranium is fixed, so any increase in the contents can lead to raised ICP. This can be mass effect, edema, or obstruction to fluid outflow. Normal ICP in adults is <15mmHg.
Salicylate poisoning
Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation leads to anaerobic metabolism and the production of lactate and heat, Effects are dose related and potentially fatal.